New Syllabus -NTA -NET- Commerce

  1. Home
  2. New Syllabus -NTA -NET- Commerce

New Updated Syllabus For Commerce 

(Applicable from June 2019 UGC-NET Onwards Examination)

Entire syllabus of Commerce is divided into “10 Units”

 

Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business
Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing
Unit 3: Business Economics
Unit 4: Business Finance
Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods
Unit 6: Business Management and Human Resource Management
Unit 7: Banking and Financial Institutions
Unit 8: Marketing Management
Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business
Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning

Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business

  • Concepts and elements of business environment : Economic environment – Economic systems, Economic policies (Monetary and fiscal policies); Political environment- Role of government in business; Legal environment – Consumer Protection Act, FEMA; Socio-cultural factors and their influence on business; Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
  • Scope and importance of international business; Globalization and its drivers; Modes of entry into international business
  • Theories of international trade; Government intervention in international trade; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; India’s foreign trade policy
  • Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI); Types of FDI, Costs and benefits of FDI to home and host countries; Trends in FDI; India’s FDI policy
  • Balance of payments (BOP): Importance and components of BOP
  • Regional Economic Integration: Levels of Regional Economic Integration; Trade creation and diversion effects; Regional Trade Agreements: European Union (EU), ASEAN, SAARC, NAFTA
  • International Economic institutions: IMF, World Bank, UNCTAD
  • World Trade Organisation (WTO): Functions and objectives of WTO; Agriculture Agreement; GATS; TRIPS; TRIMS

Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing

  • Basic accounting principles; concepts and postulates
  • Partnership Accounts: Admission, Retirement, Death, Dissolution and Insolvency of partnership firms
  • Corporate Accounting: Issue, forfeiture and reissue of shares; Liquidation of companies; Acquisition, merger, amalgamation and reconstruction of companies
  • Holding company accounts
  • Cost and Management Accounting: Marginal costing and Break-even analysis; Standard costing; Budgetary control; Process costing; Activity Based Costing (ABC); Costing for decision-making; Life cycle costing, Target costing, Kaizen costing and JIT
  • Financial Statements Analysis: Ratio analysis; Funds flow Analysis; Cash flow analysis
  • Human Resources Accounting; Inflation Accounting; Environmental Accounting
  • Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS
  • Auditing: Independent financial audit; Vouching; Verification and valuation of assets and liabilities; Audit of financial statements and audit report; Cost audit
  • Recent Trends in Auditing Management audit; Energy audit; Environment audit; Systems audit; Safety audit

Unit 3: Business Economics

  • Meaning and scope of business economics
  • Objectives of business firms
  • Demand analysis: Law of demand; Elasticity of demand and its measurement; Relationship between AR and MR
  • Consumer behavior: Utility analysis; Indifference curve analysis
  • Law of Variable Proportions: Law of Returns to Scale
  • Theory of cost: Short-run and long-run cost curves
  • Price determination under different market forms: Perfect competition; Monopolistic competition; Oligopoly- Price leadership model; Monopoly; Price discrimination
  • Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration; Peak load pricing

Unit 4: Business Finance

  • Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing
  • Cost of capital and time value of money
  • Capital structure
  • Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting analysis
  • Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies
  • Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization
  • International monetary system
  • Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques
  • International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs
  • International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting

Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods

  • Measures of central tendency
  • Measures of dispersion
  • Measures of skewness
  • Correlation and regression of two variables
  • Probability: Approaches to probability; Bayes’ theorem
  • Probability distributions: Binomial, poisson and normal distributions
  • Research: Concept and types; Research designs
  • Data: Collection and classification of data
  • Sampling and estimation: Concepts; Methods of sampling – probability and non-probability methods; Sampling distribution; Central limit theorem; Standard error; Statistical estimation
  • Hypothesis testing: z-test; t-test; ANOVA; Chi–square test; Mann-Whitney test (U-test); Kruskal-Wallis test (H-test); Rank correlation test
  • Report writing

Unit 6: Business Management and Human Resource Management

  • Principles and functions of management
  • Organization structure: Formal and informal organizations; Span of control
  • Responsibility and authority: Delegation of authority and decentralization
  • Motivation and leadership: Concept and theories
  • Corporate governance and business ethics
  • Human resource management: Concept, role and functions of HRM; Human resource planning; Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Succession planning
  • Compensation management: Job evaluation; Incentives and fringe benefits
  • Performance appraisal including 360 degree performance appraisal
  • Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management
  • Personality: Perception; Attitudes; Emotions; Group dynamics; Power and politics; Conflict and negotiation; Stress management
  • Organizational Culture: Organizational development and organizational change

Unit 7: Banking and Financial Institutions

  • Overview of Indian financial system
  • Types of banks: Commercial banks; Regional Rural Banks (RRBs); Foreign banks; Cooperative banks
  • Reserve Bank of India: Functions; Role and monetary policy management
  • Banking sector reforms in India: Basel norms; Risk management; NPA management
  • Financial markets: Money market; Capital market; Government securities market
  • Financial Institutions: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs); Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs); Mutual Funds; Pension Funds
  • Financial Regulators in India
  • Financial sector reforms including financial inclusion
  • Digitization of banking and other financial services: Internet banking; mobile banking; Digital payments systems
  • Insurance: Types of insurance – Life and Non-life insurance; Risk classification and management; Factors limiting the insurability of risk; Re-insurance; Regulatory framework of insurance- IRDA and its role: IDBI, IFCI, SFCs, UTI, SIDBI

Unit 8: Marketing Management

  • Marketing: Concept and approaches; Marketing channels; Marketing mix; Strategic marketing planning; Market segmentation, targeting and positioning
  • Product decisions: Concept; Product line; Product mix decisions; Product life cycle; New product development
  • Pricing decisions: Factors affecting price determination; Pricing policies and strategies
  • Promotion decisions: Role of promotion in marketing; Promotion methods – Advertising; Personal selling; Publicity; Sales promotion tools and techniques; Promotion mix
  • Distribution decisions: Channels of distribution; Channel management
  • Consumer Behaviour; Consumer buying process; factors influencing consumer buying decisions
  • Service marketing
  • Trends in marketing: Social marketing; Online marketing; Green marketing; Direct marketing; Rural marketing; CRM
  • Logistics management

Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business

  • Indian Contract Act, 1872: Elements of a valid contract; Capacity of parties; Free consent; Discharge of a contract; Breach of contract and remedies against breach; Quasi contracts;
  • Special contracts: Contracts of indemnity and guarantee; contracts of bailment and pledge; Contracts of agency
  • Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Sale and agreement to sell; Doctrine of Caveat Emptor; Rights of unpaid seller and rights of buyer
  • Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881: Types of negotiable instruments; Negotiation and assignment; Dishonour and discharge of negotiable instruments
  • The Companies Act, 2013: Nature and kinds of companies; Company formation; Management, meetings and winding up of a joint stock company
  • Limited Liability Partnership: Structure and procedure of formation of LLP in India
  • The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives and main provisions
  • The Information Technology Act, 2000: Objectives and main provisions; Cyber crimes and penalties
  • The RTI Act, 2005: Objectives and main provisions
  • Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) : Patents, trademarks and copyrights; Emerging issues in intellectual property
  • Goods and Services Tax (GST): Objectives and main provisions; Benefits of GST; Implementation mechanism; Working of dual GST

Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning

  • Income-tax: Basic concepts; Residential status and tax incidence; Exempted incomes; Agricultural income; Computation of taxable income under various heads; Deductions from Gross total income; Assessment of Individuals; Clubbing of incomes
  • International Taxation: Double taxation and its avoidance mechanism; Transfer pricing
  • Corporate Tax Planning: Concepts and significance of corporate tax planning; Tax avoidance versus tax evasion; Techniques of corporate tax planning; Tax considerations in specific business situations: Make or buy decisions; Own or lease an asset; Retain; Renewal or replacement of asset; Shut down or continue operations
  • Deduction and collection of tax at source; Advance payment of tax; E-filing of income-tax returns

Sample Books : Click Here

Purchases of Books : Click Here

Share to your friend