The longitudinal approach of research deals with:
1 Horizontal researches
2 Long-term researches
3 Short-term researches
4 None of the above
Which of the following is not a common element of a research proposal and a research report ?
1 Objectives and hypotheses
2 Implications for further research
3 References to previous research
3 Sources of information/data
In the process of statistical inference, the Type II Error is committed when we
1 Accept a true null hypothesis
2 Reject a true null hypothesis
3 Reject a false null hypothesis
4 Accept a false null hypothesis
If a researchers conducts a research on finding out which administrative style contributes more to institutional effectiveness. This will be an example of
1 Basic Research
2 Action Research
3 Applied Research
3 Fundamental Research
The core ingredients of a dissertation are:
1 Introduction; Data collection; Data analysis; Conclusions and recommendations.
2 Executive summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography.
3 Research plan; Research data; Analysis; References.
4 Introduction; Literature review; Research methods; Results; Discussion; Conclusion
The research antagonistic to ex-post facto research is
1 experimental studies
2 library researches
3 normative researches
4 all of the above
What is positivism?
1 Positivism is an epistemological position that advocates the application of the methods of the natural sciences to the study of social reality.
2 Positivism involves a epistemological process between theory and the empirical phenomenon; this results in the production of ‘reflexive narratives, not explanatory models or theoretical propositions’.
3 Positivism is a way of thinking about the research process and staying positive.
4 Positivism is an outlook in life about seeing things positively.
If your research philosophy reflects the principles of positivism, then you will probably:
1 not accept any argument about your research conclusions.
2 adopt the philosophical stance of the natural scientist.
3 want to be sure that all your answers are beyond dispute.
4 reject the possibility of working with numbers
The branch of philosophy that deals with the issue of what is knowledge is referred to as?
1 Positivism
2 Post-positivism
3 Ontology
4 Epistemology
The word paradigm means:
1 a theoretical framework.
2 being forced to do something.
3 a type of sampling.
4 a branch of physics.
What is triangulation?
1 Using three quantitative or three qualitative methods in a project.
2 Cross-checking the results found by different research strategies.
3 Allowing theoretical concepts to emerge from the data.
4 Drawing a triangular diagram to represent the relations between three participants
Which of the following is a non-probability sample?
1 Quota sample
2 Cluster sample
3 Both 1 and 2
4 None of these
Hypothesis can not be stated in
1 null and question form terms
2 declarative terms
3 general terms
4 directional terms
Why is it important that personal data about research participants are kept within secure, confidential records?
1 So that the participants cannot find out what has been written about them.
2 In case individuals, places, or organizations can be harmed through identification or disclosure of personal information.
3 So that government officials, teachers, and other people in authority can have easy access to the data.
4 To enable the researcher to track down individuals and find out more about their lives.
Which method is most commonly associated with a lack of informed consent?
1 Qualitative content analysis
2 In-depth interviewing
3 Covert observation
4 Structured interviewing
What problem does a research organization face when drawing up an ethical code?
1 Identifying relevant legislation that should guide behaviour.
2 Reflecting the difficulty of making truly ethical decisions.
3 Incorporating assessments for the ethical behaviour of participants.
4 All of the above.
According to APA format, the list of references which appear at the end of your paper is
called
1 Bibliography
2 Works Cited
3 Sources used
4 List of references
Identify the correct parenthetical citation for a quote that comes from page seven in this
book:
Tannen, D. (1998). The argument culture. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Random House.
1 Every issue we see discussed on television appears to be set up as an argument: “In the argument culture, criticism, attack, or opposition are the predominant if not the only ways of responding to people or ideas” (Tannen, 1998).
2 Every issue we see discussed on television appears to be set up as an argument: “In the argument culture, criticism, attack, or opposition are the predominant if not the only ways of responding to people or ideas” (Tannen, 1998, p. 7).
3 Every issue we see discussed on television appears to be set up as an argument: “In the argument culture, criticism, attack, or opposition are the predominant if not the only ways of responding to people or ideas” (The argument culture, 1998, p. 7).
4 Every issue we see discussed on television appears to be set up as an argument: “In the argument culture, criticism, attack, or opposition are the predominant if not the only ways of responding to people or ideas” (Tannen 7).
Which of the following is not a database containing information to be used during the literature review?
1 ERIC
2 PsychINFO
3 SocioFILE
4 All of the above are potentially useful databases
Which research paradigm is based on the pragmatic view of reality?
1 quantitative research
2 qualitative research
3 mixed research
4 none of the above
Good ‘research ethics’ means
1 Not disclosing the holdings of shares/stocks in a company that sponsors your research.
2 Assigning a particular research problem to one Ph.D./research student only.
3 Discussing with your colleagues confidential data from a research paper that you are reviewing for an academic journal.
4 Submitting the same research manuscript for publishing in more than one journal.
Which of the following are the characteristics of a seminar?
(a) It is a form of academic instruction.
(b) It involves questioning, discussion and debates.
(c) It involves large groups of individuals.
(d) It needs involvement of skilled persons.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
1 (a), (b) and (c)
2 (b), (c) and (d)
3 (a), (b) and (d)
4 (a), (c) and (d)
Normal Probability Curve
1 is positively skewed
2 is negatively skewed
3 is not skewed
4 has a right tail
Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire ?
(a) Writing primary and secondary aims of the study.
(b) Review of the current literature.
(c) Prepare a draft of questionnaire.
(d) Revision of the draft.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
1 (a), (b) and (c)
2 (a), (c) and (d)
3 (b), (c) and (d)
4 (a), (b), (c) and (d)
Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence :
a. Identification of research problem
b. Listing of research objectives
c. Collection of data
d. Methodology
e. Data analysis
f. Results and discussion
1 a – b – c – d – e – f
2 a – b – d – c – e – f
3 b – a – c – d – e – f
3 b – a – d – c – e – f